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Exposure to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Induces Autophagy in Primary Human Keratinocytes
Author(s) -
Zhao Yun,
Howe Josephine L. C.,
Yu Zhang,
Leong David Tai,
Chu Justin Jang Hann,
Loo Joachim Say Chye,
Ng Kee Woei
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201201363
Subject(s) - autophagy , nanomaterials , titanium dioxide , nanoparticle , nanotechnology , microbiology and biotechnology , nanotoxicology , materials science , chemistry , biophysics , biochemistry , biology , apoptosis , metallurgy
Understanding the mechanisms of cell‐nanomaterial interactions is vital in harnessing the potential of using nanomaterials in biomedical applications. By immuno‐labeling of LC3 and TEM analysis, it is found that titanium dioxide nanoparticles are internalized by human keratinocytes and induce autophagy. Autophagy appears to play a cytoprotective role in response to toxicity influence exerted by the nanoparticles.