Premium
Patterning: Strategies for Patterning Biomolecules with Dip‐Pen Nanolithography (Small 8/2011)
Author(s) -
Wu ChienChing,
Reinhoudt David N.,
Otto Cees,
Subramaniam Vinod,
Velders Aldrik H.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201190026
Subject(s) - dip pen nanolithography , nanolithography , nanotechnology , biomolecule , lithography , materials science , fabrication , atomic force microscopy , micrometer , substrate (aquarium) , nanometre , resist , nanoscopic scale , surface modification , optoelectronics , chemistry , optics , medicine , oceanography , alternative medicine , physics , pathology , layer (electronics) , geology , composite material
Dip‐pen nanolithography (DPN) is an atomic force microscopy (AFM)‐based lithography technique, which has the ability to fabricate patterns with a feature size down to approximately 15 nm using both top‐down and bottom‐up approaches. DPN utilizes the water meniscus formed between an AFM tip and a substrate to transfer ink molecules onto surfaces. A major application of this technique is the fabrication of micro‐ and nano‐arrays of patterned biomolecules. To achieve this goal, a variety of chemical approaches has been used. This review concisely describes the development of DPN in the past decade and presents the related chemical strategies that have been reported to fabricate biomolecular paterns with DPN at micrometer and nanometer scale, classified into direct‐ and indirect DPN methodologies, discussing tip‐functionalization strategies as well.