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pH‐Sensitive Capsules as Intracellular Optical Reporters for Monitoring Lysosomal pH Changes Upon Stimulation
Author(s) -
Rivera_Gil Pilar,
Nazarenus Moritz,
Ashraf Sumaira,
Parak Wolfgang J.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201101780
Subject(s) - intracellular , stimulation , biophysics , intracellular ph , chemistry , materials science , nanotechnology , biochemistry , biology , neuroscience
The concept of a long‐term sensor for ion changes in the lysosome is presented. The sensor is made by layer‐by‐layer assembly of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes around ion‐sensitive fluorophores, in this case for protons. The sensor is spontaneously incorporated by cells and resides over days in the lysosome. Intracellular changes of the concentration of protons upon cellular stimulation with pH‐active agents are monitored by read‐out of the sensor fluorescence at real time. With help of this sensor concept it is demonstrated that the different agents used (Monensin, Chloroquine, Bafilomycin A1, Amiloride) possessed different kinetics and mechanisms of action in affecting the intracellular pH values.