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Graphene Fluoride: A Stable Stoichiometric Graphene Derivative and its Chemical Conversion to Graphene
Author(s) -
Zbořil Radek,
Karlický František,
Bourlinos Athanasios B.,
Steriotis Theodore A.,
Stubos Athanasios K.,
Georgakilas Vasilios,
Šafářová Klára,
Jančík Dalibor,
Trapalis Christos,
Otyepka Michal
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201001401
Subject(s) - graphene , fluoride , materials science , exfoliation joint , graphene oxide paper , graphite , inorganic chemistry , bromide , graphene nanoribbons , halide , iodide , nanotechnology , chemistry , composite material
Stoichoimetric graphene fluoride monolayers are obtained in a single step by the liquid‐phase exfoliation of graphite fluoride with sulfolane. Comparative quantum‐mechanical calculations reveal that graphene fluoride is the most thermodynamically stable of five studied hypothetical graphene derivatives; graphane, graphene fluoride, bromide, chloride, and iodide. The graphene fluoride is transformed into graphene via graphene iodide, a spontaneously decomposing intermediate. The calculated bandgaps of graphene halides vary from zero for graphene bromide to 3.1 eV for graphene fluoride. It is possible to design the electronic properties of such two‐dimensional crystals.