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Modularity, flexibility, and knowledge management in product and organization design
Author(s) -
Sanchez Ron,
Mahoney Joseph T.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
strategic management journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 11.035
H-Index - 286
eISSN - 1097-0266
pISSN - 0143-2095
DOI - 10.1002/smj.4250171107
Subject(s) - modularity (biology) , flexibility (engineering) , loose coupling , modular design , computer science , component (thermodynamics) , organizational architecture , process management , new product development , product (mathematics) , product design , knowledge management , systems engineering , software engineering , business , engineering , marketing , statistics , genetics , thermodynamics , mathematics , physics , geometry , programming language , operating system , biology
This paper investigates interrelationships of product design, organization design, processes for learning and managing knowledge, and competitive strategy. This paper uses the principles of nearly decomposable systems to investigate the ability of standardized interfaces between components in a product design to embed coordination of product development processes. Embedded coordination creates ‘hierarchical coordination’ without the need to continually exercise authority—enabling effective coordination of processes without the tight coupling of organizational structures. We develop concepts of modularity in product and organization designs based on standardized component and organization interfaces. Modular product architectures create information structures that provide the ‘glue’ that holds together the loosely coupled parts of a modular organization design. By facilitating loose coupling, modularity can also reduce the cost and difficulty of adaptive coordination, thereby increasing the strategic flexibility of firms to respond to environmental change. Modularity in product and organization designs therefore enables a new strategic approach to the management of knowledge based on an intentional, carefully managed loose coupling of a firm's learning processes at architectural and component levels of product creation processes.

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