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An Environmentally Benign Solid Acid Nanocatalyst for the Green Synthesis of Carboxylic Acid Ester
Author(s) -
Ahmad Irshad,
Dhar Rahul,
Hisaindee Soleiman,
Hasan Kamrul
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
chemistryselect
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 34
ISSN - 2365-6549
DOI - 10.1002/slct.202102230
Subject(s) - catalysis , reusability , green chemistry , brønsted–lowry acid–base theory , chemistry , carboxylic acid , yield (engineering) , sulfonic acid , sorption , surface modification , solvent , heterogeneous catalysis , organic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , ionic liquid , materials science , adsorption , software , computer science , metallurgy , programming language
Green and sustainable chemistry have gained substantial attention worldwide, and the efforts have been greatly appreciated for the substitution of Brønsted acid catalysts from homogeneous to heterogeneous phases. In this perspective, a sulfonic acid‐functionalized silica nanospheres (SAFSNS) catalyst was prepared by organosilylation‐sulfonation on the surface of well‐ordered silica nanospheres as a heterogeneous nanocatalyst. The physicochemical properties of nanocatalyst were well characterized by powder XRD, IR, TGA, DSC, NH 3 ‐TPD, N 2 sorption, EDAX, and SEM techniques. The attainment of the anchoring of SO 3 H functionalization involving the Brønsted acidities was found up to 0.35 mmol H + /g. The synthesized SAFSNS nanocatalyst ascertain the replacement of the highly toxic liquid phase acids to a stable, solid acid catalyst for the green esterification of carboxylic acids under solvent‐free reaction conditions, showed reasonable to excellent esters yield (63–94 %) in 3.5 hours at 100 °C with five times reusability without substantial diminution in catalytic proficiency.