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Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of 5V LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5‐x Zr x O 4 Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Gong Jiajia,
Fu Shaoxiong,
Zhang Yuan,
Yan Shuaipeng,
Lang Yaqiang,
Guo Jianling,
Wang Li,
Liang Guangchuan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
chemistryselect
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 34
ISSN - 2365-6549
DOI - 10.1002/slct.202101926
Subject(s) - materials science , crystallinity , coprecipitation , electrochemistry , doping , calcination , analytical chemistry (journal) , lithium (medication) , lattice constant , cathode , tetragonal crystal system , mineralogy , crystal structure , crystallography , inorganic chemistry , chemistry , electrode , composite material , optoelectronics , chromatography , optics , medicine , biochemistry , physics , diffraction , endocrinology , catalysis
Series of LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5‐x Zr x O 4 (x=0, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02) samples have been prepared by a combined coprecipitation‐hydrothermal method followed by two‐step calcination. The effects of Zr 4+ doping contents on the structure, morphology and electrochemical properties are studied. The results show that Zr 4+ doping reduces Mn 3+ content and Ni/Mn disordering degree. Additionally, Zr 4+ doping reduces primary particle size and agglomeration degree. More significantly, Zr 4+ doping leads to the appearance of higher‐surface‐energy {110} and/or {311} facets, while undoped sample only consists of {111} and {100} facets. But excessive Zr 4+ doping (x=0.02) leads to the decrease of higher‐surface‐energy facets. Electrochemical results show that appropriate Zr 4+ doping improves the rate and cycling performances of LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 material. Among them, LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.495 Zr 0.005 O 4 shows the optimal electrochemical performance, which can be attributed to high phase purity, high crystallinity, appropriate primary particle size and agglomeration degree, enlarged lattice constant, and greater exposure of {110} and/or {311} facets.