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Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Anatase Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: Investigation of the Key Factors
Author(s) -
Pandya Janam K.,
Zhang Zhiyun,
He Lili
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
chemistryselect
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 34
ISSN - 2365-6549
DOI - 10.1002/slct.202100888
Subject(s) - anatase , raman spectroscopy , titanium dioxide , nanoparticle , materials science , characterization (materials science) , particle (ecology) , particle size , chemical engineering , ligand (biochemistry) , nanotechnology , sonication , dispersion (optics) , titanium , nanomaterials , chemistry , photocatalysis , metallurgy , organic chemistry , optics , biochemistry , physics , oceanography , receptor , engineering , geology , catalysis
Characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 ‐NPs) is significant to ensure its quality and safety in applications and facilitate risk assessment. Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a novel technique for characterization of the size of TiO 2 particles. Herein, we investigated the key factors in the SERS analysis of anatase TiO 2 ‐NPs using a variety of well‐characterized particle reference materials (8–173 nm) and gallocyanin (GLN) as a ligand for SERS. The result shows that regardless of the particle and ligand concentrations used, the R‐value obtained from the ratio of TiO 2 (144 cm −1 ) to GLN (1639 cm −1 ) peak intensities was able to distinguish between the nano‐sized particles from the micro‐particles, although no significant difference was observed between 8 to 65 nm particles. This means particle size is the primary factor that affected the R. The concentration of the NPs and the ligand, respectively, could also affect the R as secondary factors and common dispersion methods such as adjusting the pH and the sonication did not affect the R. However, this method did not work in presence of a stronger binding dispersing agent such as sodium pyrophosphate (SPP). This study fulfilled the knowledge gap regarding the key factors that impacts the SERS analysis of TiO 2 ‐NPs which will facilitate the further application of this technique in the analysis of TiO 2 ‐NPs in food products and environmental matrices.