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Thermal, Mechanical, and Optical Properties of Maleimide Copolymers Containing Twisted N ‐Phenyl Substituents in the Side Chain
Author(s) -
Nagase Soichiro,
Matsumoto Akikazu
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chemistryselect
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 34
ISSN - 2365-6549
DOI - 10.1002/slct.202000901
Subject(s) - copolymer , maleimide , polymer chemistry , materials science , alkyl , differential scanning calorimetry , birefringence , moiety , thermogravimetric analysis , side chain , acrylate , steric effects , chemistry , polymer , organic chemistry , composite material , quantum mechanics , thermodynamics , physics
UV absorption spectroscopic measurements and DFT calculations revealed that N ‐(alkyl‐substituted phenyl)maleimides with substituents at the ortho position favored a twisted N ‐phenyl conformation, due to the steric hindrance between the maleimide ring and the substituted N ‐phenyl moiety. High‐molecular‐weight copolymers were synthesized by radical copolymerization of the N ‐(alkyl‐substituted phenyl)maleimides with n ‐butyl vinyl ether and n ‐butyl acrylate. The thermal properties of the copolymers were determined by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The mechanical tensile tests under temperature control revealed the mechanical features of the copolymers depending on their repeating structure and composition. The significant temperature dependence of the modulus and strain of the copolymers was also clarified. Then, the transparency, refractive indices, and birefringence properties of the copolymer films were evaluated. It was confirmed that the maleimide copolymers had negative orientational birefringence with small absolute values and positive photoelastic birefringence. The effect of the conformational structure of the N ‐phenyl groups on the thermal, mechanical, and optical properties of the copolymers was discussed.