Utilization of 5‐Chloro‐2‐(cyanoacetamido)pyridines in the Synthesis of Biologically Active Heterocyclic Hybrids

A simple synthesis for a series of chloropyridine derivatives incorporating heterocyclic hybrids has been accomplished. The key reaction involving employment of 5‐chloro‐2‐(cyanoacetamido)pyridines 3 in the synthesis of chloropyridinyl‐pyridone, chloropyridinyl‐pyrazole, chloropyridinyl‐thiazole and chloropyridinyl‐thiophene hybrids. The newly synthesized heterocycles were evaluated for their antioxidant and antibacterial activities against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacterial strains. 3‐Amino‐ N ‐(3,5‐dichloropyridin‐2‐yl)‐1 H ‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxamide (12   b) was found to be the most potent compound against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus exhibiting inhibition percent of 92.3 % and 100 %, respectively, when compared to the standard drug ampicillin. Moreover, compound 12   b displayed the most significant antioxidant activity with percent inhibition 87.8 % which is close to the antioxidant activity of ascorbic acid.