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Pd 2+ ‐Loaded Magnetic Nanoassembly Formed by Magnetite Nanoparticles Crosslinked with Poly(acrylic acid) via Amide Bonds for Catalyzing Mizoroki‐Heck Coupling Reaction
Author(s) -
Rathod Prakash B.,
AjishKumar K. S.,
Chappa Sankararao,
Debnath Anil K.,
Pandey Ashok K.,
Athawale Anjali A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemistryselect
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 34
ISSN - 2365-6549
DOI - 10.1002/slct.201801682
Subject(s) - catalysis , heck reaction , chemistry , acrylic acid , bromobenzene , polymer chemistry , amide , coupling reaction , chlorobenzene , superparamagnetism , polyacrylic acid , nanoparticle , palladium , materials science , organic chemistry , polymer , copolymer , physics , magnetization , quantum mechanics , magnetic field , nanotechnology
The nano‐gel like aggregates consisting of Fe 3 O 4 @PAA−Pd(II) has been formed by interparticle crosslinking via amide bonds. The chemical and physical structures and superparamagnetic properties of thus formed Fe 3 O 4 @PAA−Pd(II) have been characterized. The catalytic activity of the Fe 3 O 4 @PAA−Pd(II) in 22 different examples of Mizoroki‐Heck coupling reactions has been found to be excellent under solvent free condition in the presence of base at 100 0 C. The turn over number and turn over frequency of Fe 3 O 4 @PAA−Pd(II) are found to be 304787 and 67730 h −1 , respectively, with no significant deterioration of catalytic activity after five successive cycles of the catalyst. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to understand the mechanism and changes in the catalyst during reaction. However, the reaction of chlorobenzene, bromobenzene and substituted iodo compounds such as p ‐iodophenol, p ‐iodobenzoic acid with acrylates/acrylamides are not successful in the presence of Fe 3 O 4 @PAA−Pd(II) suggesting that the reaction with acidic substrates and substrates, prone to deprotonation, are not suitable for the above transformation with the optimized reaction conditions used for aryl iodide.