Premium
Theophylline Supported on Modified Silica‐Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles as a Novel, Efficient, Reusable Catalyst in Green One‐Pot Synthesis of Spirooxindoles and Phenazines
Author(s) -
Esmaeilpour Mohsen,
Sardarian Ali Reza,
Firouzabadi Habib
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemistryselect
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 34
ISSN - 2365-6549
DOI - 10.1002/slct.201801506
Subject(s) - malononitrile , thermogravimetric analysis , catalysis , nuclear chemistry , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , isatin , superparamagnetism , materials science , dynamic light scattering , chemistry , nanoparticle , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , nanotechnology , magnetization , physics , quantum mechanics , magnetic field , engineering
In the present work, theophylline immobilized on superparamagnetic Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 nanoparticles were prepared via a multistep method and was fully characterized by means of fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), vibration sample magnetometry (VSM), N 2 adsorption‐desorption isotherm analysis, temperature‐programmed desorption of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ‐TPD) and elemental analysis. The catalytic performance of this novel nanomagnetic catalyst has been studied in the synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives via a one‐pot three‐component reaction of isatin derivatives, malononitrile or ethyl 2‐cyanoacetate, and 5‐amino‐1,3‐dimethyluracil in excellent yields under reflux conditions in water. Also, the highly efficient, green and economical synthesis of poly‐substituted benzo[a]pyrano‐[2, 3‐c]phenazine derivatives from four component reaction of 2‐hydroxynaphthalene‐1,4‐dione, diamines, aldehydes, and malononitrile in the presence of this basic magnetic catalyst has been developed. In addition, the used catalyst could be separated conveniently from the reaction system for up to 6 runs without significant loss of its catalytic efficiency.