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Effect of the Type and Number of Organic Addends on Fullerene Acceptors for n‐Type Electronic Devices: Redox Properties and Energy Levels
Author(s) -
Ruff Adrian,
Qian Xin,
Porfyrakis Kyriakos,
Ludwigs Sabine
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemistryselect
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.437
H-Index - 34
ISSN - 2365-6549
DOI - 10.1002/slct.201800837
Subject(s) - homo/lumo , fullerene , organic solar cell , acceptor , redox , materials science , cyclic voltammetry , electron acceptor , chemistry , perovskite (structure) , photochemistry , inorganic chemistry , crystallography , organic chemistry , electrode , electrochemistry , molecule , polymer , physics , condensed matter physics
Fullerenes are still among the best performing electron acceptor materials for electronic applications such as organic solar cells, organic‐inorganic perovskite solar cells and transistors. We demonstrate that voltammetry is a very powerful tool for the determination of the redox potentials and thus the LUMO levels of various fullerene acceptor materials when identical conditions, i. e. same electrolyte, electrode material and potential standard, are used. The analyzed fullerene derivatives bear several types (indene, anthracene and 1,2‐dimethoxymethano groups) and numbers (mono‐, bis‐ and tris‐adducts) of addends. Our systematical study enables a direct correlation of the values obtained for the individual fullerenes, and a linear relationship of the redox potential and the number of addends was found. The high lying LUMO levels of the bis‐ and tris‐adducts are favorable in terms of a high open circuit voltage in combination with polymer donors in bulk heterojunction solar cells. Considering only high LUMO values IC 60 TA and IC 70 TA are the most promising materials for organic solar cells revealing a high V OC . The bis‐adducts of the fullerenes reveal LUMO levels that closely match the energy level of the widely used organometal trihalide CH 3 NH 3 PbI in perovskite solar cells.