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Designs and analysis of two‐stage studies
Author(s) -
Zhao L. P.,
Lipsitz S.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
statistics in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.996
H-Index - 183
eISSN - 1097-0258
pISSN - 0277-6715
DOI - 10.1002/sim.4780110608
Subject(s) - stage (stratigraphy) , statistics , computer science , monte carlo method , sample size determination , statistical analysis , variable (mathematics) , class (philosophy) , mathematics , artificial intelligence , mathematical analysis , paleontology , biology
This paper concerns the design and analysis of two‐stage studies, where, at the first stage, the response and the exposure variables are available among a large group of subjects. The other covariables, however, are available in only a subset of the large group, obtained in a second‐stage sample. This paper introduces a class of twelve such two‐stage designs, including two‐stage case‐control and case‐cohort designs as special cases. In analysing such two‐stage data, one objective is to extract information about the relationship between the exposure variable and the response after controlling for other covariables. We discuss three statistical methods to analyse the data and report results of Monte Carlo simulation to study the efficiency of the three methods.