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Analysis of case‐control data with covariate measurement error: Application to diet and colon cancer
Author(s) -
Armstrong Ben G.,
Whittemore Alice S.,
Howe Geoff R.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
statistics in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.996
H-Index - 183
eISSN - 1097-0258
pISSN - 0277-6715
DOI - 10.1002/sim.4780080916
Subject(s) - covariate , statistics , confidence interval , multivariate statistics , odds ratio , logistic regression , standard error , observational error , mathematics , multivariate normal distribution
We propose a method for estimating odds ratios from case‐control data in which covariates are subject to measurement error. The measurement error may contain both a random component and a systematic difference between cases and controls (recall bias). A multivariate normal discriminant analysis model is assumed. If the distribution of measurement error is known, then a simple correction to naive (biased) estimates of odds ratios from logistic regression of disease on fallible measurements of covariates removes bias. The same correction yields confidence intervals and significance tests. We apply the proposed methods to data from a case‐control study of colon cancer and diet.