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XPS and SEM characterization of hydrated cerium oxide conversion coatings
Author(s) -
Hughes A. E.,
Taylor R. J.,
Hinton B. R. W.,
Wilson L.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
surface and interface analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.52
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1096-9918
pISSN - 0142-2421
DOI - 10.1002/sia.740230714
Subject(s) - conversion coating , cerium , materials science , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , cerium oxide , alloy , scanning electron microscope , coating , intermetallic , oxide , cerium nitrate , metallurgy , chemical engineering , aluminium , chromate conversion coating , composite material , engineering
Cerium‐rich conversion coatings have been deposited onto aluminium 2024‐T351 alloy by immersion into a solution containing 10 g L −1 CeCl 3 and 1% H 2 O 2 in a process described as ‘cerating’. Prior to deposition the alloy had been prepared either by using a standard chemical pretreatment used for aerospace alloys before conversion coating or by polishing. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy have been used to characterize these cerium‐containing conversion coatings. It was found that, during deposition, hydrated cerium oxide initially covered the intermetallics present in the alloy surface and then covered the surface generally. Deposition continued over the intermetallics throughout the conversion coating process, resulting in thick, heavily‐cracked regions considerably greater than the average thickness of the film (>0.3 μm). Elsewhere the coating was generally up to 0.2 μm thick, and appeared to comprised of deposited particles around 100 nm in size.