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Chemical and structural characterization of rubber compounds by Auger spectra and imaging
Author(s) -
Lin SinShong
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
surface and interface analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.52
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1096-9918
pISSN - 0142-2421
DOI - 10.1002/sia.740100209
Subject(s) - natural rubber , auger , chemical composition , characterization (materials science) , agglomerate , auger electron spectroscopy , chemistry , scanning electron microscope , materials science , analytical chemistry (journal) , microanalysis , chemical imaging , chemical state , chemical engineering , composite material , nanotechnology , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , organic chemistry , physics , atomic physics , remote sensing , geology , nuclear physics , engineering , hyperspectral imaging
The Auger electron spectroscopic technique combined with the microtome sectioning technique is used to examine the chemical constituents of rubber micro‐structures. This technique together with scanning Auger imaging could be employed to yield gross chemical composition, chemical constituents of micro‐domains, elemental mapping, heterogeneities, as well as the chemical states obtainable from peak lineshape analysis. Furthermore, by chemical contrast, more information concerning the microstructure distributions of rubber matrix could be elucidated. The preparation of the specimen is crucial for the success of the present characterization of the rubber compounds. Frozen rubber is first sectioned into 10 to 20 μm thick slices; these are either mounted on a conductive adhesive tape or under‐coated with noble metal. The sectioned surfaces are analyzed by scanning Auger microscopic imaging for surface morphology and elemental distribution, and by Auger point analysis for chemical compositions and lineshapes. The information obtainable includes:(1) overall chemical composition and homogeneity of rubber,(2) dimensions and distributions of rubber components and agglomerates.(3) chemical forms of particle inclusions and agglomerates, and (4) chemical and topological features of surface irregularities. In this paper, the technique for studying rubber compounds is presented, and essential factors affecting the analysis are described.