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Surface analytical characterization of LiNi 0.8‐ y Mn y Co 0.2 O 2 (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.4) compounds for lithium‐ion battery electrodes
Author(s) -
Azmi R.,
Masoumi M.,
Ehrenberg H.,
Trouillet V.,
Bruns M.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
surface and interface analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.52
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1096-9918
pISSN - 0142-2421
DOI - 10.1002/sia.6415
Subject(s) - x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , chemical state , analytical chemistry (journal) , transition metal , oxidation state , auger , chemistry , characterization (materials science) , decomposition , auger electron spectroscopy , ion , materials science , metal , atomic physics , nanotechnology , nuclear magnetic resonance , physics , catalysis , biochemistry , organic chemistry , chromatography , nuclear physics
This study presents the quantitative chemical state elucidation of newly developed LiNi 0.8‐ y Mn y Co 0.2 O 2 (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.4) cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries utilizing X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. For reliable quantification of the chemical states of the transition metals, namely Mn, Co, and Ni, in particular, the complex peak structures consisting of significant photoelectron multiplet splitting, shake‐up satellites, and additional Auger and photoelectron peak overlaps were incorporated. The template approach that has been used enables the unambiguous elucidation of the transition metals' oxidation states; even gradual changes in the Ni 2+ /Ni 3+ ratio depending on the Ni content in the novel LiNi 0.8‐ y Mn y Co 0.2 O 2 compound series can clearly be evidenced. In all cases, special care was taken with respect to air sensitivity, contamination during sample handling, and probable method‐induced sample decomposition.