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Surface analysis on discharged MnO 2 cathode using XPS and SIMS techniques
Author(s) -
Minakshi Manickam,
Thurgate Stephen
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
surface and interface analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.52
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1096-9918
pISSN - 0142-2421
DOI - 10.1002/sia.2978
Subject(s) - cathode , lithium hydroxide , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , electrolyte , electrochemistry , lithium (medication) , manganese , microstructure , battery (electricity) , aqueous solution , chemistry , inorganic chemistry , redox , hydroxide , lithium battery , chemical engineering , materials science , electrode , ionic bonding , ion , crystallography , ion exchange , medicine , power (physics) , physics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , engineering , endocrinology
Manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) appears to be an effective cathode material for a battery system. No studies on lithium insertion in aqueous media are known to the best of our knowledge. However, in one of our previous papers we reported that lithium could be intercalated into a MnO 2 host compound using an aqueous LiOH electrolyte; however simple chemistry suggests that it should not. It is found that a battery with LiOH electrolyte functions quite differently from the cell that uses Li 2 SO 4 . This paper describes the surface modifications that accompany the electrochemical behavior of MnO 2 during redox (discharge) processes in the lithium hydroxide and sulfate media. XPS and SIMS techniques were used to study the resultant surface of the MnO 2 cathode and the spectra reveal that the formation of an insoluble layer of Li 2 CO 3 precedes the process of reduction. SEM was used to study the microstructure of the MnO 2 cathode. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.