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Pore structure of activated carbon prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation
Author(s) -
Demiral Hakan,
Demiral İlknur,
Tümsek Fatma,
Karabacakoğlu Belgin
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
surface and interface analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.52
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1096-9918
pISSN - 0142-2421
DOI - 10.1002/sia.2631
Subject(s) - bagasse , activated carbon , carbonization , adsorption , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , chemistry , bet theory , nuclear chemistry , titration , specific surface area , carbon fibers , aqueous solution , porosity , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , materials science , composite number , pulp and paper industry , catalysis , composite material , engineering
In this study, hazelnut extracted‐bagasse which is a waste from oil factory was used for the production of activated carbon by chemical activation using ZnCl 2 and KOH as activating agents. Hazelnut bagasse has been impregnated with aqueous solutions of ZnCl 2 and KOH in the ratio of 1–3 g agent per g precursor. The carbonization treatment was performed at 500, 600 and 700 °C for 2 h under nitrogen flow. The surface area, pore volumes, pore size distribution and average pore diameter of the activated carbons were characterized by N 2 adsorption at 77 K using the BET, t ‐plot and DFT methods. The highest surface areas of activated carbons are 1642 and 1489 m 2 /g and total pore volumes are 0.964 and 0.9329 cm 3 g −1 for KOH and ZnCl 2 , respectively. The surface chemical characteristics of activated carbon were determined in terms of surface functional groups. These groups were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method and Boehm's titration method. Surface morphology was investigated by SEM. According to the results, activated carbons prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation have high surface area and porosity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.