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Direct imaging of spin‐reorientation transitions in ultrathin Ni films by spin‐polarized low‐energy electron microscopy
Author(s) -
Klein C.,
Ramchal R.,
Farle M.,
Schmid A. K.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
surface and interface analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.52
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1096-9918
pISSN - 0142-2421
DOI - 10.1002/sia.2418
Subject(s) - magnetization , condensed matter physics , nucleation , spin polarization , low energy electron microscopy , polarization (electrochemistry) , materials science , spin (aerodynamics) , perpendicular , electron , electron microscope , optics , chemistry , physics , magnetic field , geometry , mathematics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , thermodynamics
Abstract The thickness‐dependent spin‐reorientation transition (SRT) in ultrathin Ni films grown on a stepped Cu(100) substrate was studied by spin‐polarized low‐energy electron microscopy (SPLEEM). Magnetic contrast in SPLEEM is proportional to the scalar product of beam polarization and magnetization of the film. This dependence was exploited to determine the local 3D magnetization vector by evaluating magnetic contrast in images obtained using three orthogonal polarizations of the incident electron beam. Using this method, we were able to directly image the rotation of the magnetization vector in Ni films from in‐plane and parallel to the steps to out‐of‐plane and perpendicular to the steps of the substrate. We found the SRT to proceed via two mechanisms: continuous growth of the out‐of‐plane component, accompanied by discontinuous reorientation of the in‐plane component via domain nucleation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.