Premium
Optimal transport, mean partition, and uncertainty assessment in cluster analysis
Author(s) -
Li Jia,
Seo Beomseok,
Lin Lin
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
statistical analysis and data mining: the asa data science journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.381
H-Index - 33
eISSN - 1932-1872
pISSN - 1932-1864
DOI - 10.1002/sam.11418
Subject(s) - spurious relationship , cluster analysis , merge (version control) , computer science , partition (number theory) , cluster (spacecraft) , data mining , set (abstract data type) , algorithm , mathematics , artificial intelligence , machine learning , combinatorics , information retrieval , programming language
In scientific data analysis, clusters identified computationally often substantiate existing hypotheses or motivate new ones. Yet the combinatorial nature of the clustering result, which is a partition rather than a set of parameters or a function, blurs notions of mean, and variance. This intrinsic difficulty hinders the development of methods to improve clustering by aggregation or to assess the uncertainty of clusters generated. We overcome that barrier by aligning clusters via optimal transport. Equipped with this technique, we propose a new algorithm to enhance clustering by any baseline method using bootstrap samples. Cluster alignment enables us to quantify variation in the clustering result at the levels of both overall partitions and individual clusters. Set relationships between clusters such as one‐to‐one match, split, and merge can be revealed. A covering point set for each cluster, a concept kin to the confidence interval, is proposed. The tools we have developed here will help address the crucial question of whether any cluster is an intrinsic or spurious pattern. Experimental results on both simulated and real data sets are provided. The corresponding R package OTclust is available on CRAN.