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Limit laws for embedded trees: Applications to the integrated superBrownian excursion
Author(s) -
BousquetMélou Mireille
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
random structures and algorithms
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.314
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 1098-2418
pISSN - 1042-9832
DOI - 10.1002/rsa.20136
Subject(s) - mathematics , limit of a function , limit (mathematics) , generating function , combinatorics , law of large numbers , tree (set theory) , bivariate analysis , random tree , function (biology) , random variable , infimum and supremum , discrete mathematics , statistics , computer science , mathematical analysis , artificial intelligence , motion planning , evolutionary biology , robot , biology
We study three families of labeled plane trees. In all these trees, the root is labeled 0 and the labels of two adjacent nodes differ by 0,1, or −1. One part of the paper is devoted to enumerative results. For each family, and for all j ∈ ℕ , we obtain closed form expressions for the following three generating functions: the generating function of trees having no label larger than j ; the (bivariate) generating function of trees, counted by the number of edges and the number of nodes labeled j ; and finally the (bivariate) generating function of trees, counted by the number of edges and the number of nodes labeled at least, j . Strangely enough, all these series turn out to be algebraic, but we have no combinatorial intuition for this algebraicity. The other part of the paper is devoted to deriving limit laws from these enumerative results. In each of our families of trees, we endow the trees of size n with the uniform distribution and study the following random variables: M n , the largest label occurring in a (random) tree; X n ( j ), the number of nodes labeled j ; and X + n ( j ), the number of nodes labeled j or more. We obtain limit laws for scaled versions of these random variables. Finally, we translate the above limit results into statements dealing with the integrated superBrownian excursion. In particular, we describe the law of the supremum of its support (thus recovering some earlier results obtained by Delmas) and the law of its distribution function at a given point. We also conjecture the law of its density (at a given point). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2006