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Complement inhibition: A possible therapeutic approach in the fight against Covid‐19
Author(s) -
Deravi Niloofar,
Ahsan Elahe,
Fathi Mobina,
Hosseini Parastoo,
Yaghoobpoor Shirin,
Lotfi Ramin,
PourbagheriSigaroodi Atieh,
Bashash Davood
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
reviews in medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.06
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1099-1654
pISSN - 1052-9276
DOI - 10.1002/rmv.2316
Subject(s) - complement system , immunology , pandemic , coronavirus , medicine , complement (music) , covid-19 , pathogenesis , innate immune system , immunity , inflammation , disease , virology , immune system , biology , infectious disease (medical specialty) , pathology , biochemistry , complementation , gene , phenotype
The complement system, as a vital part of innate immunity, has an important role in the clearance of pathogens; however, unregulated activation of this system probably has a key role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury, which is induced by highly pathogenic viruses (i.e. influenza A viruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS] coronavirus). The novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2, which is the causal agent for the ongoing global pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19), has recently been spread to almost all countries around the world. Although most people are immunocompetent to SARS‐CoV‐2, a small group develops hyper‐inflammation that leads to complications like acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and multi‐organ failure. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the complement system exerts a crucial role in this inflammatory reaction. Additionally, patients with the severe form of Covid‐19 show over‐activation of the complement in their skin, sera, and lungs. This study aims to summarise current knowledge concerning the interaction of SARS‐CoV‐2 with the complement system and to critically appraise complement inhibition as a potential new approach for Covid‐19 treatment.