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Recent developments with live‐attenuated recombinant paramyxovirus vaccines
Author(s) -
Bayon JeanChristophe Le,
Lina Bruno,
RosaCalatrava Manuel,
Boivin Guy
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
reviews in medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.06
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1099-1654
pISSN - 1052-9276
DOI - 10.1002/rmv.1717
Subject(s) - virology , immunogenicity , human metapneumovirus , sendai virus , human parainfluenza virus , biology , mononegavirales , attenuated vaccine , recombinant dna , virus , paramyxoviridae , vector (molecular biology) , glycoprotein , respiratory tract infections , antigen , immunology , gene , respiratory system , viral disease , genetics , virulence , anatomy
SUMMARY There is no vaccine currently approved for paramyxovirus‐induced respiratory diseases in humans, despite their major clinical importance. We review the development and evaluation of new vaccine strategies based on live‐attenuated chimeric and recombinant vaccines against human respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus and human parainfluenza viruses types 1 to 3, which are significant causes of upper and lower tract respiratory diseases. Most promising strategies are based on virus attenuation through (i) mutations in key genes involved in replication; (ii) deletion of accessory genes; or (iii) the use of a corresponding animal viral vector, such as bovine parainfluenza type 3 and Sendai virus, as a background for the expression of a viral glycoprotein. Indeed, the fusion (F), or attachment (HN/H/G) glycoproteins are the most immunogenic antigens in paramyxoviruses. For each strategy, we will review the immunogenicity (increase in neutralising antibody titres) and the protection conferred by the most promising recombinant vectored vaccines and list ongoing clinical trials. We will conclude by discussing the most important challenges regarding the introduction of such vaccines into immunisation programmes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.