English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

Background  Pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide ( PACAP ) is a multifunctional peptide that is isolated and identified from the ovine hypothalamus, whose effects and mechanisms have been elucidated in numerous studies. The  PACAP  and its receptor are widely expressed, not only in the hypothalamus but also in peripheral organs.    Methods  The studies on the role of  PACAP  in the hypothalamic‐pituitary system, including those by the authors, were summarized.    Results  In the pituitary gonadotrophs,  PACAP  increases the gonadotrophin α‐, luteinizing hormoneβ‐, and follicle‐stimulating hormone β‐subunit expression and the expression of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (Gn RH ) receptor and its own receptor,  PAC 1R. Moreover, a low‐frequency Gn RH  pulse increases the expression of  PACAP  and  PAC 1R more than a high‐frequency Gn RH  pulse in the gonadotrophs. The  PACAP  stimulates prolactin synthesis and secretion and increases  PAC 1R in the lactotrophs. In the hypothalamus,  PACAP  increases the expression of the Gn RH  receptors, although it is unable to increase the expression of Gn RH  in the Gn RH ‐producing neurons.    Conclusion  The  PACAP  not only acts directly in each hormone‐producing cell, it possibly might regulate hormone synthesis via the expression of its own receptors or those of other hormones.

Role of pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide in modulating hypothalamic‐pituitary system