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Evaluation of remedial options for treatment of heavy metal and petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil
Author(s) -
McCullough Matthew L.,
Dagdigian Jeffrey V.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
remediation journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.762
H-Index - 27
eISSN - 1520-6831
pISSN - 1051-5658
DOI - 10.1002/rem.3440030302
Subject(s) - petroleum , remedial action , environmental science , soil contamination , hydrocarbon , waste management , bioremediation , petroleum product , extraction (chemistry) , heavy metals , contamination , environmental chemistry , soil water , environmental engineering , environmental remediation , chemistry , engineering , soil science , ecology , organic chemistry , chromatography , biology
This article describes remedial options for the treatment of heavy metal and petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Treatment of these soils with traditional methods often requires a combination of techniques, resulting in treatment costs that are unacceptable in today's financial climate. A detailed review of relevant remedial technologies is presented, as well as treatability studies for hybrid immobilization, petroleum hydrocarbon reduction, extraction, and soil washing technologies. Our studies and review demonstrate that hybrid immobilization may be suitable for sites where only soluble chemical levels exceed federal or state guidelines; soil washing may provide a viable alternative for sites with appropriate soil characteristics; petroleum hydrocarbon bioremediation can potentially reduce soluble lead levels; and extraction processes, though promising, still require some development. Descriptions of the chemical and physical properties of heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons in soil and residual levels of these chemicals in soil following treatment are also given.