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Ray‐Tracing Study of HF Ducting Propagation With Satellites
Author(s) -
Wong Ming S.
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
radio science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.371
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1944-799X
pISSN - 0048-6604
DOI - 10.1002/rds19661101214
Subject(s) - atmospheric duct , antipodal point , ray tracing (physics) , ionosphere , doppler effect , radio propagation , physics , transmitter , great circle , signal (programming language) , radio wave , optics , telecommunications , computer science , geophysics , geometry , mathematics , meteorology , astronomy , channel (broadcasting) , quantum mechanics , atmosphere (unit) , programming language
Ray patterns‐showing the spatial distribution of rays emitted from a transmitter and then progressively refracted in the medium‐ are presented for frequencies from 13.6 to 40 Mc/s, and for variations of the ionosphere in one to three dimensions. The patterns portray the elevated radio ducts, with down‐to‐earth contacts, responsible for long‐distance and round‐the‐world propagation. It is shown that constancy of Doppler frequency shift, in signal reception from an antipodal satellite pass, is a condition enabling the signal to persist some minutes, and that this constancy implies propagation off the great‐circle path .