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Multi‐modal imaging of long‐term recovery post‐stroke by positron emission tomography and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry
Author(s) -
Henderson Fiona,
Hart Philippa J.,
Pradillo Jesus M.,
Kassiou Michael,
Christie Lidan,
Williams Kaye J.,
Boutin Herve,
McMahon Adam
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
rapid communications in mass spectrometry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.528
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1097-0231
pISSN - 0951-4198
DOI - 10.1002/rcm.8090
Subject(s) - mass spectrometry imaging , stroke (engine) , positron emission tomography , chemistry , maldi imaging , ex vivo , neuroimaging , neuroinflammation , stroke recovery , magnetic resonance imaging , nuclear medicine , in vivo , mass spectrometry , neurodegeneration , biomedical engineering , neuroscience , pathology , matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization , radiology , medicine , psychology , desorption , biochemistry , chromatography , in vitro , physics , rehabilitation , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , adsorption , thermodynamics , disease , organic chemistry
Rationale Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Understanding the recovery process post‐stroke is essential; however, longer‐term recovery studies are lacking. In vivo positron emission tomography (PET) can image biological recovery processes, but is limited by spatial resolution and its targeted nature. Untargeted mass spectrometry imaging offers high spatial resolution, providing an ideal ex vivo tool for brain recovery imaging. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to image a rat brain 48 h after ischaemic stroke to locate the infarcted regions of the brain. PET was carried out 3 months post‐stroke using the tracers [ 18 F]DPA‐714 for TSPO and [ 18 F]IAM6067 for sigma‐1 receptors to image neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, respectively. The rat brain was flash‐frozen immediately after PET scanning, and sectioned for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) imaging. Results Three months post‐stroke, PET imaging shows minimal detection of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, indicating that the brain has stabilised. However, MALDI‐MS images reveal distinct differences in lipid distributions (e.g. phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin) between the scar and the healthy brain, suggesting that recovery processes are still in play. It is currently not known if the altered lipids in the scar will change on a longer time scale, or if they are stabilised products of the brain post‐stroke. Conclusions The data demonstrates the ability to combine MALD‐MS with in vivo PET to image different aspects of stroke recovery.