Premium
Effects of caloric restriction on nitrogen and carbon stable isotope ratios in adult rat bone
Author(s) -
Robertson Kimberly L.,
Rowland Neil E.,
Krigbaum John
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
rapid communications in mass spectrometry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.528
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1097-0231
pISSN - 0951-4198
DOI - 10.1002/rcm.6994
Subject(s) - chemistry , caloric theory , nitrogen , carbon fibers , isotopes of carbon , radiochemistry , environmental chemistry , medicine , organic chemistry , total organic carbon , materials science , composite number , composite material
RATIONALE Stable isotope analysis is a valuable technique for dietary estimation in ecological and archaeological research, yet many variables can potentially affect tissue stable isotope signatures. Controlled feeding studies across a range of species have consistently demonstrated impacts of caloric restriction on tissue stable isotope ratios, but most have focused on juvenile, fasting, and/or starving individuals, and most have utilized soft tissues despite the importance of bone for paleodietary analyses. The goal of this study was to determine whether temporally defined, moderate food restriction could affect stable carbon and/or nitrogen isotope ratios in adult mammalian bone – a tissue that arguably reflects long‐term dietary signals. METHODS Adult rats fed a standard laboratory diet were restricted to 45% of ad libitum intakes for 3 or 6 months. Relevant anatomical and physiological parameters were measured to confirm that the restriction protocol resulted in significant nutritional stress and to provide independent data to facilitate interpretation of stable isotope ratios. Femoral bone δ 13 C collagen , δ 15 N collagen , and δ 13 C apatite values were determined by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. RESULTS Calorie‐restricted animals exhibited a small, yet significant enrichment in 15 N collagen compared with control animals, reflecting protein‐calorie stress. While the δ 13 C collagen values did not differ, the δ 13 C apatite values revealed less enrichment in 13 C than in controls, reflecting catabolism of body fat. Independent anatomical and physiological data from these same individuals support these interpretations. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that moderate caloric restriction does not appreciably undermine broad interpretations of dietary signals in adult mammalian bone. Significant variability among individuals or groups, however, is best explained by marked differences in energy intake over variable timescales. An inverse relationship between the δ 13 C apatite and δ 15 N collagen values observed in this study indicates that a more robust pattern is expected with more severe or prolonged restriction and suggests this pattern may have utility as a marker of food deprivation in archaeological populations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.