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Stable isotopic analysis of pyrogenic organic matter in soils by liquid chromatography–isotope‐ratio mass spectrometry of benzene polycarboxylic acids
Author(s) -
Yarnes Christopher,
Santos Fernanda,
Singh Nimisha,
Abiven Samuel,
Schmidt Michael W. I.,
Bird Jeffrey A.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
rapid communications in mass spectrometry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.528
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1097-0231
pISSN - 0951-4198
DOI - 10.1002/rcm.5272
Subject(s) - chemistry , isotope ratio mass spectrometry , soil water , environmental chemistry , isotope analysis , benzene , stable isotope ratio , combustion , organic matter , isotopes of carbon , carbon dioxide , mass spectrometry , carbon fibers , gas chromatography , isotope , analytical chemistry (journal) , chromatography , total organic carbon , organic chemistry , soil science , quantum mechanics , ecology , physics , environmental science , materials science , composite number , biology , composite material
Pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM), the incomplete combustion product of organic materials, is considered stable in soils and represents a potentially important terrestrial sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide. One well‐established method of measuring PyOM in the environment is as benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs), a compound‐specific method, which allows both qualitative and quantitative estimation of PyOM. Until now, stable isotope measurement of PyOM carbon involved measurement of the trimethylsilyl (TMS) or methyl (Me) polycarboxylic acid derivatives by gas chromatography–combustion–isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC‐C‐IRMS). However, BPCA derivatives can contain as much as 150% derivative carbon, necessitating post‐analysis correction for the accurate measurement of δ 13 C values, leading to increased measurement error. Here, we describe a method for δ 13 C isotope ratio measurement and quantification of BPCAs from soil‐derived PyOM, based on ion‐exchange chromatography (IEC‐IRMS). The reproducibility of the δ 13 C measurement of individual BPCAs by IEC‐IRMS was better than 0.35‰ (1σ). The δ 13 C‐BPCA analysis of PyOM in soils, including at natural and artificially enriched 13 C‐abundance, produced accurate and precise δ 13 C measurements. Analysis of samples that differed in δ 13 C by as much as 900‰ revealed carryover of <1‰ between samples. The weighted sum of individual δ 13 C‐BPCA measurements was correlated with previous isotopic measurements of whole PyOM, providing complementary information for bulk isotopic measurements. We discuss potential applications of δ 13 C‐BPCA measurements, including the study of turnover rates of PyOM in soils and the partitioning of PyOM sources based on photosynthetic pathways. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.