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Classification of protein binders in artist's paints by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry: an evaluation of principal component analysis (PCA) and soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA)
Author(s) -
Fremout Wim,
Kuckova Stepanka,
Crhova Michaela,
Sanyova Jana,
Saverwyns Steven,
Hynek Radovan,
Kodicek Milan,
Vandenabeele Peter,
Moens Luc
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
rapid communications in mass spectrometry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.528
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1097-0231
pISSN - 0951-4198
DOI - 10.1002/rcm.5027
Subject(s) - chemistry , principal component analysis , mass spectrometry , desorption , matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization , matrix (chemical analysis) , analytical chemistry (journal) , chromatography , artificial intelligence , organic chemistry , adsorption , computer science
Proteomics techniques are increasingly applied for the identification of protein binders in historical paints. The complex nature of paint samples, with different kinds of pigments mixed into, and degradation by long term exposure to light, humidity and temperature variations, requires solid analysis and interpretation methods. In this study matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectra of tryptic‐digested paint replicas are subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) and soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) in order to distinguish proteinaceous binders based on animal glues, egg white, egg yolk and milk casein from each other. The most meaningful peptide peaks for a given protein class will be determined, and if possible, annotated with their corresponding amino acid sequence. The methodology was subsequently applied on egg temperas, as well as on animal glues from different species. In the latter small differences in the MALDI‐TOF mass spectra can allow the determination of a mammal or sturgeon origin of the glue. Finally, paint samples from the 16 th century altarpiece of St Margaret of Antioch (Mlynica, Slovakia) were analysed. Several expected peaks are either present in lower abundance or completely missing in these natural aged paints, due to degradation of the paints. In spite of this mammalian glue was identified in the St Margaret samples. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.