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Employing atmospheric pressure photoionization in liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to minimize ion suppression and matrix effects for the quantification of venlafaxine and O ‐desmethylvenlafaxine
Author(s) -
Theron Hendrik B.,
van der Merwe Marthinus J.,
Swart Kenneth J.,
van der Westhuizen Jan H.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
rapid communications in mass spectrometry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.528
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1097-0231
pISSN - 0951-4198
DOI - 10.1002/rcm.3006
Subject(s) - chemistry , chromatography , analyte , mass spectrometry , atmospheric pressure chemical ionization , ion suppression in liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry , selected reaction monitoring , metabolite , high performance liquid chromatography , tandem mass spectrometry , liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry , triple quadrupole mass spectrometer , formic acid , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemical ionization , ionization , ion , biochemistry , organic chemistry
During the development of a method for quantitative determination of venlafaxine and its major metabolite O ‐desmethylvenlafaxine, elevated concentrations of the analyte as well as co‐eluting matrix compounds caused ion suppression. This ion suppression was inconsistent and therefore influenced the reproducibility of detection. The use of atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) in the positive mode was investigated as a tool to circumvent this problem. Employing APPI resulted in negligible ion suppression and increased linearity of the concentration range. A selective, sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of venlafaxine and its major metabolite O ‐desmethylvenlafaxine in human plasma was developed. The analyte was extracted from plasma into tert ‐butyl methyl ether followed by back extraction into 2% formic acid. An Agilent 1100 high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system, employing reversed‐phase chromatography on a cyano column, coupled to an Applied Biosystems API 3000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer set to multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, was used for separation and detection of the analytes. The method was validated between 2.36–605 ng per mL with a mean recovery of approximately 88% for both parent compound and metabolite analytes. APPI technology was employed to improve the reproducibility of detection enabling rapid, selective and sensitive quantification of venlafaxine and O ‐desmethylvenlafaxine in human plasma samples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.