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Identification of oral antidiabetics and their metabolites in human urine by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry—a matter for doping control analysis
Author(s) -
Thevis Mario,
Geyer Hans,
Schänzer Wilhelm
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
rapid communications in mass spectrometry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.528
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1097-0231
pISSN - 0951-4198
DOI - 10.1002/rcm.1875
Subject(s) - chemistry , chromatography , urine , tandem mass spectrometry , mass spectrometry , electrospray ionization , liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry , analyte , insulin , fragmentation (computing) , metabolite , biochemistry , medicine , computer science , operating system
Since 1999, insulin belongs to the list of prohibited substances of the International Olympic Committee and the World Anti‐Doping Agency. Except for patients suffering from insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus , the administration of insulin is not allowed. Therapeutics developed to treat non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus act as releasing factors of endogenously produced insulin or improve its efficiency mediating the glucose uptake into insulin‐dependent tissues. Hence, these compounds are also relevant for sports drug testing, and a fast, robust, and sensitive assay was developed to identify 12 oral antidiabetic agents or respective hydroxylated metabolites in human urine. Urine specimens are enzymatically hydrolyzed; target analytes are extracted by liquid‐liquid extraction and identified by means of liquid chromatography interfaced to tandem mass spectrometry by electrospray ionization. Detection limits of respective drugs ranged between 10 and 30 ng/mL, metabolites of therapeutics were characterized by diagnostic fragmentation pathways upon collisionally activated dissociation of protonated molecules, and general fragmentation routes were proposed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.