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Quantum Spin Hall Materials
Author(s) -
Cao Chuanwu,
Chen JianHao
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced quantum technologies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2511-9044
DOI - 10.1002/qute.201900026
Subject(s) - condensed matter physics , quantum hall effect , quantum spin hall effect , physics , magnetic field , spin (aerodynamics) , filling factor , coupling (piping) , state (computer science) , quantum mechanics , materials science , mathematics , algorithm , metallurgy , thermodynamics
The quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect describes the state of matter in certain 2D electron systems, in which an insulating bulk state arises together with helical states at the edge of the sample. In stark contrast to its closest kin, the integer quantum Hall state, the QSH state exists only in time‐reversal symmetric system (e.g., in non‐magnetic materials and without the application of external magnetic field). This article reviews the development of the understanding and construction of the QSH states after their first theoretical proposal, with an emphasis on the materials perspective. Certain semiconductor quantum wells and 2D materials with strong spin–orbit coupling have been found to support QSH states.