Natural cellular electrical resonances

That living cells are the source of natural electrical radio frequency oscillations is shown by several experimental means. The causes and consequences of these natural resonances need clarification. These experiments, including dielectrophoresis and cellular spin resonance, are reviewed and compared. The natural cellular resonances are detectable in a very wide range of cell types, including bacteria, yeasts, algae, and avian and mammalian cells, and hence are probably “universal.” The electrical oscillations appear to be associated with reproduction, for in at least one species (yeasts), they are maximal at or near mitosis. Questions arise as to how, why, and in what role these oscillations appear. When we pose the question, “Are these observed natural radio frequency oscillations necessity or frill in cellular operations?” one is led to assume that they are necessary, for they have persisted through the various evolutionary paths. But if such natural electrical oscillations are necessary in a cell's reproductive sequence, this implies that there must be an electrical aspect to cellular growth and its control. The implications of this to the well‐known phenomenon of “contact” or “density” inhibition of cell growth are discussed. Mechanisms whereby such natural electrical cellular resonances occur are also suggested and discussed.