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Study of non‐adiabatic interactions among low‐lying electronic states of HeH 2 + with its implication in its dissociation into various species
Author(s) -
Mondal Rintu,
Mukhopadhyay Debasis
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of quantum chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.484
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-461X
pISSN - 0020-7608
DOI - 10.1002/qua.26552
Subject(s) - excited state , adiabatic process , atomic physics , dissociation (chemistry) , configuration interaction , diabatic , physics , ground state , chemistry , vibronic coupling , jahn–teller effect , ion , quantum mechanics
Possible interplay of various atomic and molecular systems like He + , He, H + , H, H 2 + , H 2 , HeH + , HeH 2 + in the interstellar spaces in various phases of the creation and development of the universe as well as in the present interstellar spaces have been the subject of experimental and theoretical investigations for quite a long period. A chemical network involving these species has been considered. The molecular system HeH 2 + , being a weakly bound species, may readily give the dissociation products (H, HeH + ), (He, H 2 + ), (He + , H 2 ) and (He, H, H + ) through different dissociation channels, as has been argued from the contour diagram of the ground as well as non‐adiabatically interacting excited electronic state. A seam of Conical Intersections (CI) between two lowest excited states of linear HeH 2 + , as a result of non‐adiabatic interactions, has been demonstrated for the first time, through calculation and plot of non‐adiabatic coupling term (NACT) between these two states. Calculations of NACT's, followed by construction of the adiabatic‐to‐diabatic transformation (ADT) angles, ADT matrix and calculation of topological (Berry) phases have been presented to confirm the presence of Jahn‐Teller(JT) CI in two representative configuration spaces(CS) in this seam: (i) one away from the equilibrium geometry hosting JT‐CI between two excited states 2 2 A′ and 3 2 A′ and (ii) another CS near the equilibrium geometry hosting JT‐CI between excited states 2 2 A′ and 3 2 A′ as well as a closely spaced JT‐CI between excited states 3 2 A′ and 4 2 A′. Suitable diabatizations have been performed for a range of CS covering these two CI, which help in understanding several dissociation channels of HeH 2 + involving the above mentioned excited states, leading to an increase in the yield of dissociation products (He, H, H + ). Distribution of Mulliken partial charges, as obtained from Mulliken population analysis have been analyzed for justifying the existence of HeH 2 + , the possibility of different dissociation products of HeH 2 + in different dissociation channels as well as the justification of the CI‐induced charge transfer in excited states.