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Theoretical studies on how to tune the π‐hole pnicogen bonds by substitution and cooperative effects
Author(s) -
Zhang Lijuan,
Li Dazhi
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of quantum chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.484
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-461X
pISSN - 0020-7608
DOI - 10.1002/qua.26531
Subject(s) - chemistry , natural bond orbital , ring (chemistry) , halogen bond , moiety , halogen , cooperativity , crystallography , molecule , computational chemistry , bond order , density functional theory , stereochemistry , bond length , crystal structure , hydrogen bond , organic chemistry , alkyl , biochemistry
A systemic investigation of the substitution and cooperative effects on the P…N π‐hole pnicogen bond were performed via theoretical calculations. The structural and energetic properties of the binary complexes between a series of substituted benzonitrile and PO 2 F have been examined to study the substitution effect. The stability of the binary complexes increases in the order of CN < Br ≈ Cl < F < H < CH 3 < NH 2 , in which all halogen atoms serve as the electron‐withdrawing substituents. The cooperativity between halogen/triel bond with pnicogen bond were also studied in X…NC‐Ph‐CN…PO 2 F and Y…Br‐Ph‐CN…PO 2 F complexes with X = F 2 , Cl 2 , Br 2 , FCl, FBr, BrCl, FCN, ClCN, BrCN, BH 3 , BF 3 , and Y = NH 3 , NH 2 CH 3 , NHCH 2 , HCN. It is found that the mutual effect of the interactions is weakened through the phenyl ring relative to the heterocyclic ring. The molecular electrostatic potential, atoms in molecules and natural bond orbital analysis were carried out to unveil the nature of these interactions. Several linear relationships have been established between the geometric parameters and the interaction energies or some electronic properties of the complexes. The distinct differences for the complexes involving BH 3 and their BF 3 analogs may be attributed to the greater π electron density on the BF 3 moiety, and the underlying reasons are discussed in detail.