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Trapping acrylamide by a Michael addition: A computational study of the reaction between acrylamide and niacin
Author(s) -
Papamokos George,
Dreyer Jens,
Navarini Luciano,
Carloni Paolo
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international journal of quantum chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.484
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-461X
pISSN - 0020-7608
DOI - 10.1002/qua.24610
Subject(s) - solvation , chemistry , polarizable continuum model , pyridine , acrylamide , density functional theory , adduct , pyridinium , basis set , computational chemistry , implicit solvation , solvent , aqueous solution , michael reaction , organic chemistry , polymer , copolymer , catalysis
Neurotoxic and carcinogenic acrylamide (ACR) is present in many food products. This finding spurred numerous studies for ACR scavengers. Niacin is putatively one of them because it reacts via Michael addition with ACR to form 1‐propanamide‐3‐carboxy pyridinium. Here, we study the mechanism and energetics of this reaction in aqueous solution by density functional theory. The CAM‐B3LYP and M06‐2X functionals with the 6‐31+G(d,p) basis set and implicit solvent were used. Single point calculations at the MP2 level with the same basis set were performed on optimized structures obtained at the M06‐2X level. Solvent effects comprehended both polarizable continuum model and solvation model density solvation models. The calculated NMR chemical shifts of 1‐propanamide‐3‐carboxy pyridinium are in agreement with experimental results. The theoretical study favors thermodynamically the formation of the adduct while the calculated activation energies turn out not to be too dissimilar from the ones measured for the alkylation reaction between ACR and 4( p ‐nitrobenzyl)pyridine. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.