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Localized directed orbitals representing chemical bonds in ion‐covalent crystals
Author(s) -
Abarenkov Igor V.,
Boyko Maksim A.,
Sushko Peter V.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
international journal of quantum chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.484
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-461X
pISSN - 0020-7608
DOI - 10.1002/qua.24367
Subject(s) - molecular orbital , chemistry , basis set , molecular orbital theory , valence (chemistry) , valence bond theory , covalent bond , atomic orbital , linear combination of atomic orbitals , cluster (spacecraft) , orthonormal basis , natural bond orbital , valence electron , molecular physics , molecular orbital diagram , density functional theory , computational chemistry , physics , electron , quantum mechanics , molecule , organic chemistry , computer science , programming language
We propose a new method for decomposing electron density of a crystal into contributions associated with pair‐wise chemical bonds. To this end, an ion‐covalent crystal is represented using a neutral, closed shell cluster assembled from identical structural elements (SE) and embedded into the lattice electrostatic potential. The wave function of this cluster is calculated using the one determinant approximation. Then, a set of orthonormal, noncanonical, multicenter orbitals of the cluster valence states is generated, so as each orbital is localized on one structural element. The projection operators technique is used here, the valence molecular orbitals of the cluster being taken for the orthonormal basis set. In this construction, the first‐order reduced density matrix of the cluster valence electrons is exactly the sum of the first‐order reduced density matrices of the SE, and the latter is the exact sum of localized on this cluster orbitals densities. The localized orbitals are then transformed into directed orbitals corresponding to the ion‐covalent bonds in each structural element. The first‐order reduced density matrix of each structural element is exactly the sum of densities of all such corresponding directed orbitals. This method is demonstrated on the examples of MgO, cubic ZrO 2 , and rutile TiO 2 crystals. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.