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The biophysical basis of Benveniste experiments: Entropy, structure, and information in water
Author(s) -
Widom Allan,
Srivastava Yogendra,
Valenzi Vincenzo
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
international journal of quantum chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.484
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-461X
pISSN - 0020-7608
DOI - 10.1002/qua.22140
Subject(s) - biomolecule , dipole , analogy , quantum , information transmission , entropy (arrow of time) , physics , electromagnetic field , statistical physics , biological system , chemistry , chemical physics , nanotechnology , quantum mechanics , computer science , biology , materials science , computer network , linguistics , philosophy
Benveniste had observed that highly dilute (and even in the absence of physical molecules) biological agents still triggered relevant biological systems. Some of these experiments were reproduced in three other laboratories who cosigned the article, (Davenas et al., Nature 1988, 333, 816). Further works, [( Medical Hypotheses 2000, 54, 33), ( Rivista di Biologia/Biology Forum 97 , 2004, 169)], showed that molecular activity in more than 50 biochemical systems and even in bacteria could be induced by electromagnetic signals transferred through water solutes. The sources of the electromagnetic signals were recordings of specific biological activities. These results suggest that electromagnetic transmission of biochemical information can be stored in the electric dipole moments of water in close analogy to the manner in which magnetic moments store information on a computer disk. The electromagnetic transmission would enable in vivo transmissions of the specific molecular information between two functional biomolecules. In the present work, the physical nature of such biological information storage and retrieval in ordered quantum electromagnetic domains of water will be discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010