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Spectral characteristics of surface‐layer turbulence
Author(s) -
Kaimal J. C.,
Wyngaard J. C.,
Izumi Y.,
Coté O. R.
Publication year - 1972
Publication title -
quarterly journal of the royal meteorological society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.744
H-Index - 143
eISSN - 1477-870X
pISSN - 0035-9009
DOI - 10.1002/qj.49709841707
Subject(s) - isotropy , spectral line , turbulence , physics , wavelength , surface layer , buoyancy , computational physics , optics , mechanics , layer (electronics) , materials science , astronomy , composite material
The behaviour of spectra and cospectra of turbulence in the surface layer is described within the framework of similarity theory using wind and temperature fluctuation data obtained in the 1968 AFCRL Kansas experiments. With appropriate normalization, the spectra and cospectra are each reduced to a family of curves which spread out according to z/L at low frequencies but converge to a single universal curve in the inertial subrange. The paper compares these results with data obtained by other investigators over both land and water. Spectral constants for velocity and temperature are determined and the variability in the recent estimates of the constants is discussed. The high‐frequency behaviour is consistent with local isotropy. In the inertial subrange, where the spectra fall as n −5/3 , the cospectra fall faster: uω and ωθ as n −7/3 , and u θ, on the average, as n −5/2 . The 4/3 ratio between the transverse and longitudinal spectral levels is observed at wavelengths of the order of the height above ground under unstable conditions and at wavelengths of the order of L/10 under stable conditions. This lower isotropic limit is shown to be governed by the combined effects of shear and buoyancy on small‐scale eddies.