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Approaches toward improving the modelling of midlatitude cyclones entering at the lateral boundary corner in the limited area WRF model
Author(s) -
Imberger Marc,
Guo Larsén Xiaoli,
Davis Neil,
Du Jianting
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
quarterly journal of the royal meteorological society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.744
H-Index - 143
eISSN - 1477-870X
pISSN - 0035-9009
DOI - 10.1002/qj.3843
Subject(s) - weather research and forecasting model , middle latitudes , storm , boundary layer , meteorology , geology , cyclone (programming language) , intensity (physics) , environmental science , climatology , mechanics , computer science , physics , field programmable gate array , quantum mechanics , computer hardware
Lateral boundaries can have a large effect on the introduction of external large‐scale structures in limited area models. This case study of a midlatitude cyclone using the advanced Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model examines challenges in simulating the storm intensity (characterised by sea level pressure, relative vorticity and wind speed) when a storm centre enters close to the lateral boundary corner in the outermost model domain. A domain shift, nudging techniques, adjustments of the WRF relaxation layer and the influence of the boundary condition update frequency are investigated as possible solutions. The update frequency of the lateral boundary conditions is found to be the most efficient in improving the storm intensity, while adjustments to the relaxation layer or nudging techniques did not overcome the lack of sufficiently updated lateral boundary conditions. This suggests that the modelling of the storm intensification requires sufficiently high temporal resolution.