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Monitoring of oxygen using colorimetric indicator based on graphene/TiO 2 composite with first‐order kinetics of methylene blue for modified atmosphere packaging
Author(s) -
Huang Shuting,
Li Huijie,
Wang Yixiang,
Liu Xinghai,
Li Houbin,
Zhan Zhan,
Jia Ling,
Chen Lingyun
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
packaging technology and science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.365
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1099-1522
pISSN - 0894-3214
DOI - 10.1002/pts.2384
Subject(s) - graphene , materials science , composite number , oxide , raman spectroscopy , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , chemical engineering , composite material , nanotechnology , optics , physics , engineering , metallurgy
Oxygen is crucial to food preservation and food spoilage. For the purpose of monitoring the integrity of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) by nondestructive testing and controlling the reaction rate during recovery stage, we reported on a convenient and visual colorimetric oxygen indicator based on a graphene/titanium oxide composite, incorporating glycerol, methylene blue (MB), hydroxyethyl cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol. The graphene/titanium oxide composite was synthesized from a modified Hummers synthesis of graphene oxide, followed by the hydro‐thermal treatment with butyl titanate without using any reducing agent, then the morphology and structure characteristics were analysed by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectra, ultraviolet ‐ visible spectroscopy, SEM, and TEM. Supported by the performance tests using ultraviolet ‐ visible spectroscopy and CIElab, the indicator demonstrated the pseudo first‐order kinetics of MB for MAP in detecting stage. The results confirmed that the prepared colorimetric indicator could actually detect the integrity of MAP without destruction. Additionally, the reaction time of indicator in recovery stage can be controlled by changing the concentration of MB because of pseudo first‐order kinetics.