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Olive leaf extract attenuates adriamycin‐induced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats via suppression of oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, and fibrosis
Author(s) -
Karanovic Danijela,
MihailovicStanojevic Nevena,
Miloradovic Zoran,
Ivanov Milan,
Vajic UnaJovana,
GrujicMilanovic Jelica,
MarkovicLipkovski Jasmina,
Dekanski Dragana,
Jovovic Djurdjica
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.6920
Subject(s) - glomerulosclerosis , hyperlipidemia , endocrinology , oxidative stress , medicine , antioxidant , fibrosis , focal segmental glomerulosclerosis , lipid peroxidation , chemistry , inflammation , pharmacology , kidney , glomerulonephritis , biochemistry , proteinuria , diabetes mellitus
Olive ( Olea europaea L.) leaf extract (OLE) possesses powerful antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and anti‐inflammatory properties. The aim was to investigated the effects of OLE on the hyperlipidemia, antioxidant defense, heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase (HO/BVR) pathway, inflammation, and fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS, a progressive form of chronic kidney disease) induced by adriamycin (2 mg/kg, i.v., twice in a 21‐day period). Daily treatment of OLE (80 mg/kg, p.o.) for 6 weeks suppressed protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation ( p < .01 and p < .001, respectively), significantly increased antioxidant enzymes activities and normalized antioxidant capacity, leading to the improvement of antioxidant defense independently of the HO/BVR pathway. Furthermore, the values of triglycerides ( p < .01), total, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ( p < .05, both) were improved by OLE. OLE strongly prevented glomerulosclerosis, interstitial inflammation, and fibrosis (renal injury score, FSGS: 8 ± 0.45 vs. FSGS+OLE: 4.20 ± 1.07; p < .01), as evidenced by normalized fibronectin content ( p < .001), suppressed interstitial inflammatory cells infiltration and collagen deposition, without changing cytokines expressions. OLE decreased blood pressure with a tendency to reduce urine albumin loss. These data suggest that OLE may be effective in slowing down the progression of FSGS.