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Ficus plants: State of the art from a phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological perspective
Author(s) -
Salehi Bahare,
Prakash Mishra Abhay,
Nigam Manisha,
Karazhan Natallia,
Shukla Ila,
KiełtykaDadasiewicz Anna,
Sawicka Barbara,
Głowacka Aleksandra,
AbuDarwish Mohammad Sanad,
Hussein Tarawneh Amer,
Gadetskaya Anastassiya V.,
Cabral Célia,
Salgueiro Lígia,
Victoriano Montserrat,
Martorell Miquel,
Docea Anca Oana,
Abdolshahi Anna,
Calina Daniela,
SharifiRad Javad
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.6884
Subject(s) - ficus , phytochemical , traditional medicine , carica , moraceae , antimicrobial , genus , biology , medicine , botany , microbiology and biotechnology
Ficus genus is typically tropical plants and is among the earliest fruit trees cultivated by humans. Ficus carica L. is the common fig, Ficus benjamina L. is the weeping fig, and Ficus pumila L. is the creeping fig. These species are commonly used in traditional medicine for a wide range of diseases and contain rich secondary metabolites that have shown diverse applications. This comprehensive review describes for Ficus genus the phytochemical compounds, traditional uses and contemporary pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiulcer, and anticonvulsant. An extended survey of the current literature (Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed) has been carried out as part of the current work. The trends in the phytochemistry, pharmacological mechanisms and activities of Ficus genus are overviewed in this manuscript: antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti‐inflammatory and analgesic activity, antiseizure and anti‐Parkinson's diseases, cytotoxic and antioxidant. Health‐promoting effects, recent human clinical studies, safety and adverse effects of Ficus plants also are covered. The medical potential and long‐term pharmacotherapeutic use of the genus Ficus along with no serious reported adverse events, suggests that it can be considered as being safe.