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The regulation of protein kinase casein kinase II by apigenin is involved in the inhibition of ultraviolet B‐induced macrophage migration inhibitory factor‐mediated hyperpigmentation
Author(s) -
Yoshihisa Yoko,
Andoh Tsugunobu,
Rehman Mati Ur,
Shimizu Tadamichi
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.6597
Subject(s) - inhibitory postsynaptic potential , protein kinase a , apigenin , casein , ultraviolet b , kinase , chemistry , pharmacology , biology , medicine , biochemistry , dermatology , endocrinology , flavonoid , antioxidant
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation elicits melanogenesis and pigmentation in the skin. Apigenin (4′,5,7‐trihydroxyflavone [AGN]) is a plant flavone contained in various herbs, fruits, and vegetables. We herein investigated antimelanogenic properties of AGN and the molecular mechanisms of the action of AGN. In UVB‐treated mice, AGN inhibited cutaneous hyperpigmentation and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) expression as a melanogenesis‐related key factor. In mouse keratinocytes, AGN inhibited the expression of MIF and also the related factors (e.g., stem cell factor and proteinase‐activated receptor 2) induced by MIF. In addition to ellagic acid as a casein kinase II (CK2) inhibitor, AGN suppressed CK2 enzymatic activity and UVB‐induced CK2 expression and subsequent phosphorylation of IκB and MIF expression. These results suggest that AGN inhibits UVB‐induced hyperpigmentation through the regulation of CK2‐mediated MIF expression in keratinocytes.