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Catalpol provides a protective effect on fibrillary Aβ 1–42 ‐induced barrier disruption in an in vitro model of the blood–brain barrier
Author(s) -
Liu Chenyang,
Chen Kang,
Lu Yunwei,
Fang Zhuyuan,
Yu Guran
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.6043
Subject(s) - catalpol , blood–brain barrier , occludin , neuroprotection , glial fibrillary acidic protein , chemistry , pharmacology , receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , tight junction , biology , biochemistry , immunology , endocrinology , central nervous system , immunohistochemistry , organic chemistry , glycoside
Excessive amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition in brain is mainly responsible for cell damage and blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Catalpol, an iridoid glucoside extracted from the root of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch , has neuroprotective effect against AD. It is unclear whether catalpol has a protective effect on Aβ‐induced BBB leakage. We employed an immortalized endothelial cell line (bEnd.3) and astrocytes co‐culture to mimic a BBB model in vitro and investigated the effect of catalpol on BBB. We found that treatment with catalpol decreased BBB hyperpermeability induced by fibrillar Aβ 1–42 . Data from western blotting showed that catalpol prevented fibrillar Aβ 1–42 ‐induced bEnd.3 cell apoptosis through mitochondria‐dependent and death receptor pathways; decreased the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP‐2, MMP‐9, and the receptor for advanced glycation end products; and increased the levels of tight junction proteins (ZO‐1, occludin, and claudin‐5), low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1, and P‐glycoprotein in fibrillar Aβ 1–42 ‐treated bEnd.3 cells. Moreover, catalpol also enhanced soluble Aβ efflux across the fibrillar Aβ 1–42 ‐treated bEnd.3 cells BBB monolayer model. Altogether, our results suggest that catalpol alleviate fibrillar Aβ 1–42 ‐induced BBB disruption, enhance soluble Aβ clearance, and offer a feasible therapeutic application in AD treatment.