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Anthelmintic, Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Activity of Imidazole Alkaloids from Pilocarpus microphyllus Leaves
Author(s) -
Rocha Jefferson A.,
Andrade Ivanilza M.,
Véras Leiz M.C.,
Quelemes Patrick V.,
Lima David F.,
Soares Maria J.S.,
Pinto Pedro L.S.,
Mayo Simon J.,
Ivanova Galya,
Rangel Maria,
Correia Manuela,
Mafud Ana Carolina,
Mascarenhas Yvonne P.,
DelerueMatos Cristina,
Moraes Josué,
Eaton Peter,
Leite José R.S.A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.5771
Subject(s) - anthelmintic , traditional medicine , antibacterial activity , antiparasitic , biology , pharmacognosy , antiprotozoal , zanthoxylum , cytotoxicity , biological activity , in vitro , medicine , bacteria , biochemistry , ecology , genetics , pathology
Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf ex Wardlew (Rutaceae), popularly known as jaborandi, is a plant native to the northern and northeastern macroregions of Brazil. Several alkaloids from this species have been isolated. There are few reports of antibacterial and anthelmintic activities for these compounds. In this work, we report the antibacterial and anthelmintic activity of five alkaloids found in P. microphyllus leaves, namely, pilosine, epiisopilosine, isopilosine, epiisopiloturine and macaubine. Of these, only anthelmintic activity of one of the compounds has been previously reported. Nuclear magnetic resonance, HPLC and mass spectrometry were combined and used to identify and confirm the structure of the five compounds. As regards the anthelmintic activity, the alkaloids were studied using in vitro assays to evaluate survival time and damaged teguments for Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. We found epiisopilosine to have anthelmintic activity at very low concentrations (3.125 μg mL −1 ); at this concentration, it prevented mating, oviposition, reducing motor activity and altered the tegument of these worms. In contrast, none of the alkaloids showed antibacterial activity. Additionally, alkaloids displayed no cytotoxic effect on vero cells. The potent anthelmintic activity of epiisopilosine indicates the potential of this natural compound as an antiparasitic agent. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.