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Diarylheptanoids Rich Fraction of Alnus nepalensis Attenuates Malaria Pathogenesis: In‐vitro and In‐vivo Study
Author(s) -
Saxena Archana,
Yadav Deepti,
Mohanty Shilpa,
Cheema Harveer Singh,
Gupta Madan M.,
Darokar Mahendra P.,
Bawankule Dnyaneshwar U.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.5596
Subject(s) - in vivo , plasmodium berghei , pharmacology , in vitro , oral administration , biology , parasite load , traditional medicine , plasmodium falciparum , toxicity , malaria , medicine , immunology , immune system , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology
Diarylheptanoids from Alnus nepalensis leaves have been reported for promising activity against filariasis, a mosquito‐borne disease, and this has prompted us to investigate its anti‐malarial and safety profile using in‐vitro and in‐vivo bioassays. A. nepalensis leaf extracts were tested in‐vitro against chloroquine‐sensitive Plasmodium falciparum NF54 by measuring the parasite specific lactate dehydrogenase activity. Among all, the chloroform extract ( ANC ) has shown promising anti‐plasmodial activity (IC 50 8.06 ± 0.26 µg/mL). HPLC analysis of ANC showed the presence of diarylheptanoids. Efficacy and safety of ANC were further validated in in‐vivo system using Plasmodium berghei‐ induced malaria model and acute oral toxicity in mice. Malaria was induced by intra‐peritoneal injection of P. berghei infected red blood cells to the female Balb/c mice. ANC was administered orally at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg/day following Peter's 4 day suppression test. Oral administration of ANC showed significant reduction of parasitaemia and increase in mean survival time. It also attributed to inhibition of the parasite induced pro‐inflammatory cytokines as well as afford to significant increase in the blood glucose and haemoglobin level when compared with vehicle‐treated infected mice. In‐vivo safety evaluation study revealed that ANC is non‐toxic at higher concentration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.